Which statistical method can be utilized for evaluating the effectiveness of security controls?

Metrics and Measurement is the appropriate statistical method for evaluating the effectiveness of security controls because it involves the collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative data related to security operations and controls. By establishing specific metrics, organizations can measure the performance and impact of security controls over time, allowing for an evaluation of their effectiveness in mitigating identified risks.

This practice enables security professionals to identify trends, track improvements or regressions in security posture, and make informed decisions regarding the necessary adjustments to policies or technologies to enhance overall security. Metrics can include incident response times, the number of vulnerabilities detected, or the rate of compliance with established security policies, all of which help in understanding how well security controls are functioning.

In contrast, other methods listed serve different purposes. Risk Assessment Analysis focuses primarily on identifying and assessing risks, rather than directly measuring control effectiveness. System Auditing involves examining and verifying the design and implementation of controls rather than quantifying their effectiveness. Compliance Checking is centered around ensuring adherence to laws, regulations, or standards, which may not necessarily reflect how well specific security controls are performing in practice.