What type of attack can use a botnet to overwhelm a target system?

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is designed to make a system or service unavailable to its intended users by overwhelming it with a flood of traffic or requests. When a botnet is involved, it means that multiple compromised devices are used to launch this attack simultaneously, significantly amplifying the volume of malicious requests sent to the target. The sheer number of requests can exhaust system resources, such as bandwidth, CPU, and memory, hindering legitimate users from accessing the service.

Other types of attacks listed do not utilize a botnet for overwhelming a target system in the same way. Phishing attacks typically involve deceiving users into divulging sensitive information rather than targeting the system's resources. Man-in-the-Middle attacks intercept or alter communications between two parties, rather than causing a system to become unavailable. SQL Injection attacks exploit vulnerabilities in a database query process to manipulate data, which does not align with the concept of overwhelming a target for the purpose of denying service. Therefore, the identification of a Denial of Service attack as the type that uses a botnet is accurate and reflects its nature and impact effectively.