What is malware?

Malware, short for malicious software, refers to any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer system, server, or network. It encompasses a wide range of threats, including viruses, worms, trojan horses, ransomware, and spyware, among others. The primary goal of malware is to exploit vulnerabilities in devices and systems, leading to unauthorized access, data theft, or disruption of service.

Understanding the nature of malware is crucial for effective cybersecurity practices. It operates by taking advantage of system vulnerabilities, often remaining hidden to the user while executing harmful activities. By being aware of what constitutes malware, security practitioners can better implement preventive measures, respond to incidents, and educate users about safe computing practices.

In this context, the other choices do not accurately reflect the definition of malware. Software that provides network defense is designed to protect against threats, while highly compressed files and tools for managing network bandwidth do not involve malicious intent or functionality associated with malware. Hence, recognizing that malware is essentially harmful software clarifies its risks and reinforces the importance of robust cybersecurity defenses.